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After scientists confirmed that mosquitoes can transmit yellow fever and other diseases, mosquito control emerged as an important public health measure. Discover how Americans have managed mosquitoes at home and abroad through this selection of items from the NLM collection.

An image of two men talking, with three others in the distance

“Shotgun Quarantine in Florida” in Frank Leslie’s illustrated Newspaper, August 25, 1888

Courtesy National Library of Medicine

News of a yellow fever outbreak in a neighboring city or town caused panic among residents. Some cities, free from yellow fever, instituted “shotgun quarantines.” These quarantines, enforced by martial law, kept newcomers who might be infected from entering the city.