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After scientists confirmed that mosquitoes can transmit yellow fever and other diseases, mosquito control emerged as an important public health measure. Discover how Americans have managed mosquitoes at home and abroad through this selection of items from the NLM collection.

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The Mosquito Fish (Gambusia) and its Relation to Malaria, 1927

Courtesy National Library of Medicine

Beginning in the early 20th century, sanitary engineers and health officials introduced the mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis) into a number of different ecosystems in the United States. The fish feeds on mosquito larvae and was sometimes used as part of a mosquito control program.