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After scientists confirmed that mosquitoes can transmit yellow fever and other diseases, mosquito control emerged as an important public health measure. Discover how Americans have managed mosquitoes at home and abroad through this selection of items from the NLM collection.

An old map

“Yellow Fever: A Map of Old Slip and Infected Vicinity” in A Statement of The Occurrences During a Malignant Yellow Fever in The City of New-York, 1819

Courtesy National Library of Medicine

Plotting cases of yellow fever on a map allowed physicians to visualize the epidemic in new ways. Using this data in 1819, Dr. Felix Pascalis Ouviere concluded that yellow fever was the result of impure air, not contagion.