National Library of Medicine

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Women physicians participate in professional dialogue when they publish their research. Discover a selection of books and articles from the NLM Digital Collections about both their scientific research and their experiences in a male-dominated field.

Title page of a book by Drs. Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell.

Medicine as a Profession for Women, Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell, 1860

Sisters and physicians, Elizabeth (1821–1910) and Emily Blackwell (1826–1910) delivered this lecture in December 1859. At the time, some male members of the medical profession in New York City were considering opening the profession to women. The Blackwells argued that opening medicine to women would benefit both individual patients and society at large. According to the Blackwells, women were uniquely suited to medicine because of, not despite of, their social position. In addition to the general case for women in medicine, Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell presented some suggestions for improving medical education.